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No association found between dietary intake of fat, increased risk of renal cell carcinoma, study shows
Tuesday, January 13 2009 | Comments
What's This?
No association between intakes of fat and protein, including red meat, processed meat, poultry, and seafood, and the risk of renal cell cancer was evident in a recent analysis.The upward trend of kidney cancer incidence cannot be fully explained by improved detection techniques, but may, in part, be due to lifestyle changes, including increased obesity and hypertension, the authors explained. Studies done on the association of fat intake and the risk of kidney cancer have shown mixed results, they added.
To explore such an association, the researchers conducted a pooled analysis of 13 prospective studies that included 530,469 women and 244,483 men. A validated food frequency questionnaire was completed by all participants. The study specific relative risks (RRs) for renal cell cancer were calculated by using Cox proportional hazard models. These results were pooled using a random-effect model.
Renal cell cancer was found in 1,478 participants (709 women, 769 men).
After adjusting for age, renal cell cancer risks were significantly greater in the highest quintile of total fat intake as compared with the lowest quintile (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.08-1.56; P=.001). However, this risk was attenuated after adjusting for multiple factors (RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.92-1.32; P=.31).
The age-adjusted risk for renal cell cancer was similarly significantly higher in the highest quintile of saturated fat intake (RR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.04-1.45; P=.02) as compared with the lowest quintile and for monounsaturated fat (RR, 1.30, 95% CI, 1.09-1.55; P<.001). Once again, however, the risk was attenuated after adjusting for multiple factors (saturated fat: RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.88-1.26; monounsaturated fat: RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.92-1.32; P=.26).
Overall, none of the types of fat or protein examined were associated with renal cell carcinoma following multivariate analysis.
"[O]ur data do not support the hypotheses that intakes of fat, protein, or meat from animal sources are associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma," the authors concluded. (Lee J, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008;100:1695-1706.)
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